Knock Knee Surgery: A Comprehensive Guide

Knock knees, or genu valgum, is a common orthopedic condition where the knees angle inward and touch each other when the legs are straightened. While it is normal for children to exhibit some degree of knock knees as they grow, persistent and severe cases can lead to various complications, including pain, difficulty walking, and increased risk of osteoarthritis. For individuals suffering from significant discomfort or functional impairment due to knock knees, surgery may be the most effective option. This article delves into the various aspects of knock knee surgery, including its indications, procedures, recovery, and knock knee surgery cost in India.

What is Knock Knee Surgery?

Knock knee surgery aims to realign the knee joint and improve the overall function of the legs. The procedure typically involves one of the following surgical techniques:

Osteotomy: This is the most common procedure for correcting knock knees. The surgeon will cut and reposition the bone to improve the alignment of the knee joint. This procedure can be performed on either the femur (thigh bone) or tibia (shin bone).
Guided Growth Surgery: This technique is often used in children and adolescents. It involves placing a device on the growth plates of the bones to slow down growth on one side and allow the other side to catch up, gradually correcting the alignment.
Realignment Surgery: In some cases, realignment of the knee joint may be necessary. This involves repositioning the knee to achieve a more natural alignment.

Indications for Knock Knee Surgery

Knock knee surgery is generally considered for individuals who experience:

Severe pain in the knees or legs
Difficulty walking or performing daily activities
Increased risk of knee osteoarthritis
Severe knock knees that do not improve with nonsurgical treatments, such as physical therapy or orthotics

Knock Knee Surgery Procedures

1. Osteotomy

Osteotomy is the most common surgical procedure for correcting knock knees. This procedure involves:

Assessment: Before surgery, the surgeon evaluates the patient’s condition through physical examinations and imaging tests, such as X-rays, to determine the severity of the deformity.
Procedure: The surgeon makes an incision to access the knee joint and cuts the bone (usually the femur or tibia). The bone is then repositioned to correct the alignment, and the surgeon may use plates, screws, or rods to stabilize the bone.
Recovery: After surgery, patients typically stay in the hospital for a few days. Weight-bearing may be restricted initially, and physical therapy will begin shortly after surgery to facilitate healing.

2. Guided Growth Surgery

Guided growth surgery is primarily used for children and adolescents with knock knees. This technique involves:

Assessment: Similar to osteotomy, a thorough evaluation is conducted to determine the best approach for correction.
Procedure: The surgeon places a device on the growth plates of the bones to control growth. This device slows down growth on one side of the knee, allowing the other side to catch up and correct the alignment over time.
Recovery: The recovery period is generally shorter compared to osteotomy, as the procedure is less invasive. Follow-up visits are crucial to monitor progress.

3. Realignment Surgery

Realignment surgery is indicated for more severe cases where both the tibia and femur may need correction. This procedure is similar to osteotomy but focuses on achieving better alignment of the knee joint.

Assessment and Procedure: The surgeon assesses the condition and makes precise cuts in the bone to reposition it properly. The realignment is often achieved through advanced techniques that may include arthroscopy.
Recovery: Similar to osteotomy, recovery involves a hospital stay and a structured rehabilitation program.

The Recovery Process

Recovery from knock knee surgery is crucial for achieving optimal results. Here’s what patients can generally expect during the recovery phase:

1. Initial Recovery

Hospital Stay: Patients typically stay in the hospital for a few days post-surgery for monitoring and pain management.
Pain Management: Pain management is an essential part of recovery, and healthcare providers will prescribe medications to alleviate discomfort.
Mobility Aids: Patients may use crutches or a walker to assist with mobility as they begin to bear weight on the affected leg.

2. Physical Therapy

Physical therapy is a vital component of recovery. A physical therapist will develop a tailored rehabilitation plan that may include:

Range of Motion Exercises: Gentle movements to improve flexibility and reduce stiffness.
Strengthening Exercises: Gradual strengthening of the muscles around the knee to support the healing joint.
Gait Training: Techniques to help patients walk normally as they regain strength and stability.

3. Follow-Up Care

Regular follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor healing and adjust rehabilitation protocols as necessary. During these visits, the surgeon may:

Assess the alignment and healing of the bones through imaging tests.
Modify physical therapy exercises based on recovery progress.
Address any complications or concerns that may arise during the recovery process.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery time can vary based on the individual and the type of surgery performed. Generally, patients can expect:

Initial Recovery: The first few weeks post-surgery may involve using crutches or a walker. Pain management strategies, including medications, will be provided.
Physical Therapy: A structured rehabilitation program will help regain strength, flexibility, and mobility. It usually starts with gentle exercises and progresses to more strenuous activities.
Full Recovery: Most patients can return to their normal activities within 3 to 6 months, depending on their overall health and adherence to rehabilitation protocols.

Knock Knee Surgery Cost in India

One of the essential considerations for individuals seeking treatment is the cost. Theknock knee surgery cost in India typically ranges from $2,500 to $5,000. Factors influencing the cost include:

Hospital Facility: The type of hospital (private or public) and its location can significantly affect the price.
Surgeon’s Expertise: Experienced surgeons may charge higher fees.
Type of Surgery: The specific surgical procedure chosen may also impact the overall cost.
Post-operative Care: Additional expenses may arise from physical therapy sessions, follow-up visits, and medications.

Conclusion

Knock knee surgery can significantly improve quality of life for those suffering from this condition. With advancements in surgical techniques and rehabilitation, patients can expect a high success rate and a return to normal activities. If you are considering knock knee surgery, consult with a qualified orthopedic surgeon to discuss your options, costs, and what to expect during the process.